Pioneering Carbon Capture and Storage Project in the Baltics
As part of the European Union’s ambitious goal to become climate neutral by 2050, our mission is to establish a robust and sustainable CO₂ value chain in the Baltics – a region currently devoid of CO₂ transport and sequestration infrastructure.
Project benefits
Emmiters
- Strengthen EU industrial competitiveness by
decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors in the
Baltic region; - accelerate delivery of EU climate targets
under the Green Deal and Climate Law; - protect high-quality industrial jobs through
shared CO₂ transport and storage
infrastructure; - enhance public trust with visible emissions
reductions and local environmental
benefits.
Governments
- Advance national contributions to EU
climate-neutrality goals; - grow regional competitiveness by
upgrading existing industries with
cleaner technologies; - prevent carbon leakage by ensuring
competitiveness against non-EU
producers; - attract new investment and innovation
into Baltic economies through
future-proof infrastructure; - boost local value creation through new
market opportunities linked to CCS and
low-carbon products.
Infrastructure & Logistics Players
- Secure continuous and reliable CO₂
volumes from industrial customers; - strengthen the Baltic region’s role as a
strategic energy and CO₂ management
hub; - accelerate development of integrated
carbon transport networks that serve
multiple clean-energy sectors; - strengthen cross-border connections to
create a European CO₂ market.
How it works
1. Carbon Capturing
In heavy industrial facilities, such as cement plants like Akmenės cementas or SCHWENK Latvija, CO₂ emissions can be captured before they are released into the atmosphere. Special technologies separate CO₂ from other flue gases, after which the captured carbon dioxide is compressed and liquefied. This reduces its volume by several hundred times, making CO₂ suitable for safe and efficient transportation.
2. Onshore transportation and temporary storage at the transshipment terminal
Once prepared for transportation, CO₂ is transported from the capture site to the planned CO₂ transshipment terminal in Klaipėda. Depending on the distance, available infrastructure and the volume to be transported, it can be transported by rail, specialised road tankers or pipeline. In developing the CCS value chain in the Baltic region, rail and road transportation of CO₂ have been selected for the first stage of the project.
Once delivered to the CO₂ transshipment terminal in Klaipėda, the carbon dioxide is temporarily stored in dedicated storage tanks. There, it is prepared for onward transportation by sea and safely loaded onto specialised CO₂ carriers. Such transshipment terminals serve as an important link between onshore transportation and permanent storage sites. The planned CO₂ transshipment terminal in Klaipėda will serve the same purpose and is a key part of the CCS Baltic Consortium project.
3. Off Shore Transportation & Storage
From the transshipment terminal in Klaipėda, CO₂ is transported by specialised vessels to permanent storage sites in geological formations beneath the North Sea seabed. To implement this step of the value chain, the project cooperates with shipping companies Larvik Shipping and Mitsui O.S.K. Lines. Maritime transport enables large volumes of CO₂ to be transported efficiently over long distances, connecting industrial facilities with permanent storage sites.
Once delivered to the storage site, CO₂ is injected into layers of porous rock deep beneath the seabed or into depleted oil and gas reservoirs. Layers of impermeable rock above them act as a natural barrier, preventing CO₂ from escaping back into the atmosphere. In this way, carbon dioxide can be safely isolated for thousands of years, preventing it from contributing to climate change.
Did you know?
The Baltic States currently do not have CO₂ transport and sequestration infrastructure and are one of the last coastal territories in Europe where such system has not yet been developed or planned.
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